Ringworm, despite its misleading name, is not caused by a worm but by a group of fungi called dermatophytes. This common fungal infection affects the skin, hair, and nails of dogs, cats, and even humans. In this edition of our newsletter, we aim to provide you with comprehensive information on recognizing, treating, and preventing ringworm in your beloved pets.
What is Ringworm?
Ringworm (dermatophytosis) is a contagious fungal infection that can affect many species, including dogs and cats. The fungi responsible for ringworm feed on keratin, a protein found in the outer layer of the skin, hair, and nails. The most common species of fungi causing ringworm in pets are Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
In pets, ringworm is seen most often with stress, crowded conditions such as shelters, young animals, or those with another illness.
Symptoms of Ringworm
Ringworm can present differently in dogs and cats, but common signs to look out for include:
- Circular patches of hair loss: These areas may appear red, scaly, or crusty.
- Itching and scratching: Although not always present, some pets may exhibit these behaviors.
- Brittle or broken hair: Hair in affected areas may break easily.
- Red, inflamed skin: The skin in the infected area may become irritated and inflamed.
- Scaling and crusting: You might notice dandruff-like flakes or crusts on your pet’s skin.
Diagnosis
If you suspect your pet has ringworm, it’s important to seek veterinary care promptly. Some of the ways ringworm may be detected include:
- Physical Examination: Your veterinarian will examine your pet’s skin and coat for characteristic lesions.
- Wood’s Lamp Examination: Some ringworm species fluoresce (glow green) under a special ultraviolet light. This painless test can be performed at your veterinarian’s office.
- Fungal Culture: A sample of fur can be tested to identify the specific fungal species.
- Microscopic Examination: A sample can be examined under a microscope to detect fungal spores.
Treatment
Treatment of ringworm involves a combination of topical and oral treatments. Treatment for ringworm in dogs and cats can take weeks to months to completely resolve the disease. Depending on the severity of the infection, your veterinarian may recommend:
- Topical Treatments: Medicated shampoos, dips, creams, or ointments.
- Oral Medications: Antifungal medications may be prescribed to treat the infection from within.
- Environmental Decontamination: Since ringworm spores can survive in the environment, thorough cleaning and disinfection of your home are crucial to prevent reinfection. Remove Fur and other organic materials first. If a vacuum cleaner is used the bag should be changed or the debris container cleaned thoroughly after use. Bedding, grooming supplies, and toys should be cleaned or laundered. For environmental cleaning, products labeled to kill Trichophyton are effective against ringworm; be sure to follow the label instructions.
Ringworm and Humans
It’s important to note that ringworm is zoonotic, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. If your pet has ringworm, practice good hygiene, such as washing your hands after handling your pet and wearing gloves when applying topical treatments. Talk with your veterinarian about quarantining your pet. Consult your physician for additional information on ringworm infection in humans.
Conclusion
Ringworm can be a challenging condition to manage, but with prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment, your pet can recover fully. If you suspect your pet may have ringworm or if you have any questions about its prevention and treatment, please don’t hesitate to contact our clinic.
